Applying Bayess rule, we have odds(smoker | cancer) = odds(smoker) * p(cancer | smoker) / p(cancer | non-smoker) Rearranging terms, we can solve for the risk ratio: p(cancer | smoker) / p(cancer | non-smoker) = odds(smoker | cancer) / odds(smoker) = 16 Thats the answer I had in mind, but let me address an objection raised by one poll respondent, who chose Other because, You cant draw casual inferences from observational data without certain assumptions which Im unwilling to make. Thats true
It's becoming so pervasive, says Zipf, of both e-cigarette use and the accompanying plastic waste
Even at the age of eight or nine, I can remember we were all dimly aware of what his name signified in grown-up world, and that this was a not-nice word to say
Not too powerful, not too harsh
Repaint Walls and Ceilings Beyond staining and discoloring walls and ceilings, cigarette smoke often leaves a lasting stale odor that can persist long after people stop smoking in a space
