There are many unknowns, including dose-response in humans, interactions with other fertility treatments, and differences at various stages of conception including gametogenesis, implantation, and gestation
It has been studied for its potential anti-aging, telomerase-activating, and antioxidant properties
L-Carnitine : This amino acid can help improve energy by supporting fat metabolism, helping the body generate more energy from fat stores
This increase in norepinephrine stimulates -adrenergic receptors in the brains satiety center, inducing a stress-response signal that diminishes hunger
Risk factors that should prompt consideration of B12 deficiency include advancing age (reduced stomach acid production), strict vegan or vegetarian diets, pernicious anaemia, gastrointestinal surgery (particularly gastric bypass or ileal resection), long-term use of certain medications (metformin, proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists), nitrous oxide exposure (including recreational use), and conditions affecting the gut such as Crohn's disease or coeliac disease