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However, these injections can be painful and may cause adverse events such as infections and bruises, making self-administration challenging for elderly patients
[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] Lucarelli D
the macules may be present on the shaft of the penis or on the glans penis The presence of numerous melanotic macules on the body may be associated with a variety of syndromes including Carney complex, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and LEOPARD syndrome
These disorders can be associated with insulin resistance, hyperglycemia-induced damage, oxidative stress, astrocyte abnormalities, and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in insufficient energy supply, altered synaptic plasticity, death of neuronal cells, as well as functional and structural damage to reward networks