If the injection is needed (e.g., to replete B or B in a deficient mother), it can be used, but the infant should be observed for any unusual symptoms (though none would be expected from B vitamins, apart from perhaps looser stools if anything)
Aging reduces NAD+ synthesis pathways while increasing consumption by enzymes like CD38 and PARPs, activated by inflammation and damage.[13][15] CD38, an immune-related enzyme, ramps up with age, breaking down NAD+ precursors
This makes supplements more similar to the natural kind of B12 in foods and a combination of methylcobalamin, adenosylcobalamin and hydroxocobalamin is considered ideal
Both B12 and B complex shots are given using either intramuscular or subcutaneous injections
Citicoline improves verbal memory in aging