The latter may be caused by intestinal disorders, infections, bariatric surgery, or pharmacological interference, including histamine H2 receptor antagonists and metformin
Gather supplies: medication vial, syringe, alcohol pads, gauze, and a sharps container
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)79821-4
However, it's important to note that for pernicious anaemia or deficiency with neurological involvement, intramuscular hydroxocobalamin injections remain the first-line treatment in the UK, as recommended by NICE and the British Society for Haematology
As well, the number of intramuscular injections a patient needed to receive to be included in the cohort varied from 6 or more injections to 4 or more injections within 1 year