Studies have confirmed that the molecular regulatory network of ferroptosis is highly complex, with its molecular basis involving the synergistic/antagonistic effects of multiple signaling pathways and regulatory factors, which are primarily closely associated with iron overload, lipid peroxidation, and imbalances in the antioxidant system [21, 50]
Fu S, Li F, Yu J, Ma S, Zhang L, Cheng Y (2025) Investigating the role of gut microbiota in diabetic nephropathy through plasma proteome mediated analysis
Usually, when you take glutathione by mouth, your body does not absorb much
It robs the body of beta carotene and vitamin B12
Despite these limitations, our study revealed the unique metabolic microenvironment of TLS in the kidney (Supplemental Figure 17)