The bacteriostatic water preservative (benzyl alcohol) maintains sterility, but peptide degradation occurs gradually regardless
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MECHANISM CATEGORIES RESEARCH CONDITIONS SAFETY Side effects Limited human safety data Animal toxicology shows wide therapeutic window Injection-site reactions reported anecdotally Known interactions Anticoagulants (theoretical, due to angiogenic activity unstudied) Contraindications Active malignancy (theoretical, due to angiogenic mechanism) Pregnancy/lactation (unstudied) REGULATORY STATUS FDA Placed on FDA Category 2 of the 503A bulks list (September 2023 update), barring compounding pharmacies from preparing it under section 503A
The orientation table below is unpacked, with citations, in the sections that follow
Mizuno Y, Hattori N, Kondo T, et al