Rooks & Garrett (2016, Nat Rev Immunol ) describe SCFAs as central immune-metabolic regulators
GLP-1s: Lower blood sugar Reduce appetiteso you eat less and feel fuller Promote healthy weight loss Improve metabolism Lower whole-body inflammationincluding that which affects your joints GLP-1s Target Both Metabolic and Inflammatory Pathways Recent research shows that GLP-1 medications can: Lower levels of inflammatory cytokines like TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1 Restore a healthier gut microbiome and calm immune reactions Reduce fat-driven inflammationwhy losing just 510% of body weight improves autoimmune diseases Reverse insulin resistancea key link between metabolic and autoimmune disease Reduce oxidative stress, protecting organs and joint cartilage GLP-1s in RA, PsA, OA, and More: Evidence and Results Rheumatoid Arthritis Obesity increases RA risk and severity
Alternative approaches are typically recommended in these cases
doi: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1826392 Summary Keywords glucagon-like peptide-1, liraglutide, inflammatory diseases, immunomodulation, signal pathways Citation Chen J, Mei A, Wei Y, Li C, Qian H, Min X, Yang H, Dong L, Rao X and Zhong J (2022) GLP-1 receptor agonist as a modulator of innate immunity
VERTIS-CV, Cardiovascular Outcomes with Ertugliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes