Common ones may include: Mild nausea Digestive changes Temporary fatigue More serious effects are rare but possible, which is why its essential to have physician oversight throughout treatment
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332,333,334 Specifically, IR leads to compensatory hyperinsulinemia, which stimulates GnRH gene transcription through MAPK pathway in PCOS and increases LH pulse secretion, thereby significantly increasing ovarian androgen synthesis
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Patients should be advised to seek urgent medical attention if they experience any of the following symptoms: Sudden onset of floaters or 'cobwebs' in the vision , which may indicate vitreous haemorrhage Flashing lights or photopsia , suggesting retinal traction or impending detachment A curtain or shadow across the visual field , which may represent retinal detachment Sudden blurring or loss of central vision , potentially indicating macular oedema or ischaemia Distortion of straight lines (metamorphopsia), which can be an early sign of macular pathology In the context of initiating or up-titrating Mounjaro, ophthalmology referral timing should follow NHS Diabetic Eye Screening Programme and local pathways: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) requires urgent referral, often within 1-2 weeks, or same-day assessment if acute symptoms are present [17] Suspected centre-involving diabetic macular oedema with visual symptoms warrants urgent assessment Moderate to severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy identified on screening should be referred according to local DESP pathways Any worsening of retinopathy during Mounjaro treatment should prompt ophthalmology review For patients without known retinopathy but with multiple risk factors (long diabetes duration, poor baseline control, hypertension), ensure up-to-date DESP screening and consider a pre-treatment ophthalmology assessment to establish a baseline
